Provide at least 50 to 75 gallons (189–284 litres) for a single adult/group to support its size and waste production.
pH: 6.0-7.5
Ammonia: 0
Nitrite: 0
Nitrate: 0-20
Kh: 6-12
Perform regular water changes to prevent the build-up of harmful toxins like ammonia, nitrite, and nitrates.
Arrange heavy rock structures, smooth gravel or sand, and plenty of cave networks. Secure rocks with aquarium silicone to prevent digging accidents. For live plants opt for hardy options like Java Fern or Anubias attached to wood, as large specimens will easily uproot rooted stem plants.
High-quality sinking algae wafers or specialized bottom-feeder pellets. Supplement frequently with blanched zucchini, cucumber, courgette, and spinach. Offer occasional treats of frozen bloodworms, daphnia, or brine shrimp to round out their nutrition.
Best housed with fast-moving, medium-sized mid-water species such as silver dollars, tetras, or non-aggressive community fish. Avoid housing them with aggressive, dominant bottom fish that could cause stress-induced.